Swiss-Prot entry

ID   KCNE1_HUMAN    STANDARD;      PRT;   129 AA.
AC   P15382; Q8N709; Q91Z94;
DT   01-APR-1990 (Rel. 14, Created)
DT   01-APR-1990 (Rel. 14, Last sequence update)
DT   13-SEP-2005 (Rel. 48, Last annotation update)
DE   Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1 (IKs producing
DE   slow voltage-gated potassium channel beta subunit Mink) (Minimal
DE   potassium channel) (Delayed rectifier potassium channel subunit IsK).
GN   Name=KCNE1;
OS   Homo sapiens (Human).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; 
OC   Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Catarrhini; Hominidae; 
OC   Homo. 
OX   NCBI_TaxID=9606;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE.
RX   MEDLINE=89273632; PubMed=2730656 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan];
RA   Murai T., Kakizuka A., Takumi T., Ohkubo H., Nakanishi S.;
RT   "Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of human genomic DNA encoding
RT   a novel membrane protein which exhibits a slowly activating potassium
RT   channel activity.";
RL   Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 161:176-181(1989).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE, AND VARIANT GLY-38.
RC   TISSUE=Leukocyte;
RX   MEDLINE=95129890; PubMed=7828904 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]; DOI=10.1016/0378-1119(94)90685-8;
RA   Lai L.P., Deng C.L., Moss A.J., Kass R.S., Liang C.S.;
RT   "Polymorphism of the gene encoding a human minimal potassium ion
RT   channel (minK).";
RL   Gene 151:339-340(1994).
RN   [3]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE.
RC   TISSUE=Cornea;
RA   Rae J.L.;
RT   "Delayed rectifier potassium channel subunit from human cornea
RT   epithelium.";
RL   Submitted (MAR-1999) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN   [4]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE.
RC   TISSUE=Heart;
RA   Jiang M., Zhang M., Liu J., Tseng G.-N.;
RL   Submitted (AUG-2001) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN   [5]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA], AND VARIANTS HIS-32 AND
RP   GLY-38.
RC   TISSUE=Testis;
RX   MEDLINE=22388257; PubMed=12477932 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]; DOI=10.1073/pnas.242603899;
RA   Strausberg R.L., Feingold E.A., Grouse L.H., Derge J.G.,
RA   Klausner R.D., Collins F.S., Wagner L., Shenmen C.M., Schuler G.D.,
RA   Altschul S.F., Zeeberg B., Buetow K.H., Schaefer C.F., Bhat N.K.,
RA   Hopkins R.F., Jordan H., Moore T., Max S.I., Wang J., Hsieh F.,
RA   Diatchenko L., Marusina K., Farmer A.A., Rubin G.M., Hong L.,
RA   Stapleton M., Soares M.B., Bonaldo M.F., Casavant T.L., Scheetz T.E.,
RA   Brownstein M.J., Usdin T.B., Toshiyuki S., Carninci P., Prange C.,
RA   Raha S.S., Loquellano N.A., Peters G.J., Abramson R.D., Mullahy S.J.,
RA   Bosak S.A., McEwan P.J., McKernan K.J., Malek J.A., Gunaratne P.H.,
RA   Richards S., Worley K.C., Hale S., Garcia A.M., Gay L.J., Hulyk S.W.,
RA   Villalon D.K., Muzny D.M., Sodergren E.J., Lu X., Gibbs R.A.,
RA   Fahey J., Helton E., Ketteman M., Madan A., Rodrigues S., Sanchez A.,
RA   Whiting M., Madan A., Young A.C., Shevchenko Y., Bouffard G.G.,
RA   Blakesley R.W., Touchman J.W., Green E.D., Dickson M.C.,
RA   Rodriguez A.C., Grimwood J., Schmutz J., Myers R.M.,
RA   Butterfield Y.S.N., Krzywinski M.I., Skalska U., Smailus D.E.,
RA   Schnerch A., Schein J.E., Jones S.J.M., Marra M.A.;
RT   "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human
RT   and mouse cDNA sequences.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99:16899-16903(2002).
RN   [6]
RP   TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RX   MEDLINE=97459933; PubMed=9312006 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]; DOI=10.1093/emboj/16.17.5472;
RA   Chouabe C., Neyroud N., Guicheney P., Lazdunski M., Romey G.,
RA   Barhanin J.;
RT   "Properties of KvLQT1 K+ channel mutations in Romano-Ward and Jervell
RT   and Lange-Nielsen inherited cardiac arrhythmias.";
RL   EMBO J. 16:5472-5479(1997).
RN   [7]
RP   INTERACTION WITH KCNH2.
RX   MEDLINE=97373956; PubMed=9230439 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]; DOI=10.1038/40882;
RA   McDonald T.V., Yu Z., Ming Z., Palma E., Meyers M.B., Wang K.-W.,
RA   Goldstein S.A.N., Fishman G.I.;
RT   "A minK-HERG complex regulates the cardiac potassium current I(Kr).";
RL   Nature 388:289-292(1997).
RN   [8]
RP   MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-69.
RX   MEDLINE=21863999; PubMed=11874988 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]; DOI=10.1096/fj.01-0520hyp;
RA   Abbott G.W., Goldstein S.A.N.;
RT   "Disease-associated mutations in KCNE potassium channel subunits
RT   (MiRPs) reveal promiscuous disruption of multiple currents and
RT   conservation of mechanism.";
RL   FASEB J. 16:390-400(2002).
RN   [9]
RP   VARIANT ASN-85.
RX   MEDLINE=97055277; PubMed=8899564 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]; DOI=10.1006/jmcc.1996.0198;
RA   Tesson F., Donger C., Denjoy I., Berthet M., Bennaceur M., Petit C.,
RA   Coumel P., Schwartz K., Guicheney P.;
RT   "Exclusion of KCNE1 (IsK) as a candidate gene for Jervell and Lange-
RT   Nielsen syndrome.";
RL   J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 28:2051-2055(1996).
RN   [10]
RP   VARIANT JLNS 58-PRO-PRO-59.
RX   MEDLINE=97472471; PubMed=9328483 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]; DOI=10.1093/hmg/6.12.2179;
RA   Tyson J., Tranebjaerg L., Bellman S., Wren C., Taylor J.F.N.,
RA   Bathen J., Aslaksen B., Soerland S.J., Lund O., Malcolm S.,
RA   Pembrey M., Bhattacharya S., Bitner-Glindzicz M.;
RT   "IsK and KvLQT1: mutation in either of the two subunits of the slow
RT   component of the delayed rectifier potassium channel can cause Jervell
RT   and Lange-Nielsen syndrome.";
RL   Hum. Mol. Genet. 6:2179-2185(1997).
RN   [11]
RP   VARIANTS JLNS ILE-7 AND ASN-76.
RX   MEDLINE=98016403; PubMed=9354783 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan];
RA   Schulze-Bahr E., Wang Q., Wedekind H., Haverkamp W., Chen Q., Sun Y.,
RA   Rubie C., Hordt M., Towbin J.A., Borggrefe M., Assmann G., Qu X.,
RA   Somberg J.C., Breithardt G., Oberti C., Funke H.;
RT   "KCNE1 mutations cause Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome.";
RL   Nat. Genet. 17:267-268(1997).
RN   [12]
RP   VARIANTS LQT5 LEU-74 AND ASN-76.
RX   MEDLINE=98016422; PubMed=9354802 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan];
RA   Splawski I., Tristani-Firouzi M., Lehmann M.H., Sanguinetti M.C.,
RA   Keating M.T.;
RT   "Mutations in the hminK gene cause long QT syndrome and suppress IKs
RT   function.";
RL   Nat. Genet. 17:338-340(1997).
RN   [13]
RP   VARIANT LQT5 ASN-76.
RX   MEDLINE=98105943; PubMed=9445165 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan];
RA   Duggal P., Vesely M.R., Wattanasirichaigoon D., Villafane J.,
RA   Kaushik V., Beggs A.H.;
RT   "Mutation of the gene for IsK associated with both Jervell and Lange-
RT   Nielsen and Romano-Ward forms of Long-QT syndrome.";
RL   Circulation 97:142-146(1998).
RN   [14]
RP   VARIANTS JLNS PHE-47; HIS-51 AND ASN-76, AND VARIANT LQT5 ARG-87.
RX   MEDLINE=99330558; PubMed=10400998 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]; DOI=10.1093/hmg/8.8.1499;
RA   Bianchi L., Shen Z., Dennis A.T., Priori S.G., Napolitano C.,
RA   Ronchetti E., Bryskin R., Schwartz P.J., Brown A.M.;
RT   "Cellular dysfunction of LQT5-minK mutants: abnormalities of IKs, IKr
RT   and trafficking in long QT syndrome.";
RL   Hum. Mol. Genet. 8:1499-1507(1999).
RN   [15]
RP   VARIANTS LQT5 HIS-32; TRP-98 AND THR-127.
RX   MEDLINE=20432616; PubMed=10973849 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan];
RA   Splawski I., Shen J., Timothy K.W., Lehmann M.H., Priori S.G.,
RA   Robinson J.L., Moss A.J., Schwartz P.J., Towbin J.A., Vincent G.M.,
RA   Keating M.T.;
RT   "Spectrum of mutations in long-QT syndrome genes. KVLQT1, HERG, SCN5A,
RT   KCNE1, and KCNE2.";
RL   Circulation 102:1178-1185(2000).
RN   [16]
RP   VARIANT LQT5 ILE-109.
RX   MEDLINE=21546310; PubMed=11692163 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]; DOI=10.1007/s001090100249;
RA   Schulze-Bahr E., Schwarz M., Hauenschild S., Wedekind H., Funke H.,
RA   Haverkamp W., Breithardt W., Pongs O., Isbrandt D., Breithardt G.;
RT   "A novel long-QT 5 gene mutation in the C-terminus (V109I) is
RT   associated with a mild phenotype.";
RL   J. Mol. Med. 79:504-509(2001).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Ancillary protein that assembles as a beta subunit with
CC       a voltage-gated potassium channel complex of pore-forming alpha
CC       subunits. Modulates the gating kinetics and enhances stability of
CC       the channel complex. Assembled with KCNQ1/KVLQT1 is proposed to
CC       form the slowly activating delayed rectifier cardiac potassium
CC       (IKs) channel. The outward current reaches its steady state only
CC       after 50 seconds. Assembled with KCNH2/HERG may modulate the
CC       rapidly activating component of the delayed rectifying potassium
CC       current in heart (IKr).
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Associates with KCNQ1/KVLQT1 and KCNH2/HERG.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Type I membrane protein.
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in heart, lung, kidney, testis,
CC       ovaries, small intestine, peripheral blood leukocytes. Not
CC       detected in pancreas, spleen, prostate and colon. Restrictively
CC       localized in the apical membrane portion of epithelial cells.
CC   -!- PTM: Phosphorylation inhibits the potassium current (By
CC       similarity).
CC   -!- DISEASE: Defects in KCNE1 are a cause of the autosomal recessive
CC       Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome (JLNS) [MIM:220400]. JLNS
CC       comprises profound congenital sensorineural deafness associated
CC       with syncopal episodes. These are caused by ventricular
CC       tachyarrhythmia secondary to abnormal repolarization, manifested
CC       by a prolonged QT interval on the electrocardiogram.
CC   -!- DISEASE: Defects in KCNE1 are the cause of long QT syndrome type 5
CC       (LQT5) [MIM:176261]. Long QT syndromes are heart disorders
CC       characterized by a prolonged QT interval on the ECG and
CC       polymorphic ventricular arrhythmias. They cause syncope and sudden
CC       death in response to excercise or emotional stress. KCNE1 mutants
CC       form channels that open slowly and close rapidly, thereby
CC       diminishing potassium currents.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the potassium channel KCNE family.
CC   -!- CAUTION: Ref.4 sequence was originally reported as deriving from
CC       C.porcellus.
CC   -!- CAUTION: Ref.5 sequence differs from that shown due to a stop
CC       codon in position 106.
CC   -!- DATABASE: NAME=LQTSdb; NOTE=KCNE1 mutations page;
CC       WWW="http://www.ssi.dk/en/forskning/lqtsdb/kcne1.htm".
CC   --------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC   This Swiss-Prot entry is copyright. It is produced through a collaboration
CC   between  the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics  and the  EMBL outstation -
CC   the European Bioinformatics Institute.  There are no  restrictions on  its
CC   use as long as its content is in no way modified and this statement is not
CC   removed.
CC   --------------------------------------------------------------------------
DR   EMBL; M26685; AAA36129.1; -; Genomic_DNA. [EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
DR   EMBL; L33815; AAA63905.1; -; Genomic_DNA. [EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
DR   EMBL; L28168; AAA58418.1; -; mRNA. [EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
DR   EMBL; AF135188; AAD25096.1; -; mRNA. [EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
DR   EMBL; AY050512; AAL13162.1; -; mRNA. [EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
DR   EMBL; BC036452; AAH36452.1; ALT_TERM; mRNA. [EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
DR   PIR; A32447; A32447.
DR   Ensembl; ENSG00000180509; Homo_sapiens
DR   HGNC; HGNC:6240; KCNE1.
DR   CleanEx; HGNC:6240; KCNE1.
DR   MIM; 176261; -. [NCBI / EBI]
DR   GeneCards; KCNE1.
DR   GeneLynx; KCNE1.
DR   GenAtlas; KCNE1.
DR   SOURCE; KCNE1.
DR   MIM; 220400; -. [NCBI / EBI]
DR   GO; GO:0008076; C:voltage-gated potassium channel complex; TAS.
DR   GO; GO:0005251; F:delayed rectifier potassium channel activity; TAS.
DR   GO; GO:0015459; F:potassium channel regulator activity; TAS.
DR   GO; GO:0006936; P:muscle contraction; TAS.
DR   GO; GO:0007605; P:perception of sound; TAS.
DR   GO; GO:0006813; P:potassium ion transport; TAS.
DR   GO; GO:0008016; P:regulation of heart contraction rate; TAS.
DR   InterPro; IPR000369; ISK_Channel.
DR   InterPro; IPR005424; KCNE_beta1.
DR   InterPro; Graphical view of domain structure.
DR   Pfam; PF02060; ISK_Channel; 1.
DR   Pfam; Graphical view of domain structure.
DR   PRINTS; PR01604; KCNE1CHANNEL.
DR   PRINTS; PR00168; KCNECHANNEL.
DR   CMR; P15382.
DR   ProDom [Domain structure / List of seq. sharing at least 1 domain]
DR   HOVERGEN [Family / Alignment / Tree]
DR   BLOCKS; P15382.
DR   ProtoNet; P15382.
DR   ProtoMap; P15382.
DR   PRESAGE; P15382.
DR   DIP; P15382.
DR   ModBase; P15382.
DR   SWISS-2DPAGE; GET REGION ON 2D PAGE.
KW   Deafness; Disease mutation; Glycoprotein; Ion transport;
KW   Ionic channel; Long QT syndrome; Phosphorylation; Polymorphism;
KW   Potassium; Potassium channel; Potassium transport; Transmembrane;
KW   Transport; Voltage-gated channel.
FT   TRANSMEM     44     66       Potential.
FT   TOPO_DOM     67    129       Cytoplasmic (Potential).
FT   MOD_RES     102    102       Phosphoserine (by PKC) (By similarity).
FT   CARBOHYD      5      5       N-linked (GlcNAc...) (Potential).
FT   CARBOHYD     26     26       N-linked (GlcNAc...) (Potential).
FT   VARIANT       7      7       T -> I (in JLNS).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_008897.
FT   VARIANT      32     32       R -> H (in LQT5; could be a
FT                                polymorphism).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_009906.
FT   VARIANT      38     38       S -> G (in dbSNP:1805127).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_001558.
FT   VARIANT      47     47       V -> F (in JLNS).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_008898.
FT   VARIANT      51     51       L -> H (in JLNS).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_008899.
FT   VARIANT      58     59       TL -> PP (in JLNS).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_001559.
FT   VARIANT      74     74       S -> L (in LQT5).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_008900.
FT   VARIANT      76     76       D -> N (in LQT5 and JLNS; suppresses
FT                                KCNQ1 currents markedly).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_008901.
FT   VARIANT      85     85       D -> N (in dbSNP:1805128).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_008902.
FT   VARIANT      87     87       W -> R (in LQT5).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_008903.
FT   VARIANT      98     98       R -> W (in LQT5).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_009907.
FT   VARIANT     109    109       V -> I (in LQT5; mild phenotype;
FT                                significantly reduced the wild-type I(KS)
FT                                current amplitude).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_012802.
FT   VARIANT     127    127       P -> T (in LQT5).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_009908.
FT   MUTAGEN      69     69       K->H: Lowers current 2-fold and leads to
FT                                faster deactivation of KCNQ1/KCNE1
FT                                channel.
SQ   SEQUENCE   129 AA;  14675 MW;  5442D70929D4E87E CRC64;
     MILSNTTAVT PFLTKLWQET VQQGGNMSGL ARRSPRSSDG KLEALYVLMV LGFFGFFTLG
     IMLSYIRSKK LEHSNDPFNV YIESDAWQEK DKAYVQARVL ESYRSCYVVE NHLAIEQPNT
     HLPETKPSP
//